Possible Interaction: Dopamine and Glutathione

“Cells challenged with DA showed an increase in GCLM and GCLC protein and mRNA levels and a consequent increase in GSH concentration.”

“In brain slices glutathione has been shown to regulate the release of other transmitters, e.g., gamma-aminobutyrate and dopamine , mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.”

“These studies demonstrate that manipulation of the glutathione system influences susceptibility of dopamine neurons to damage due to energy impairment.”

“The P-dots were prepared from poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA), the semiconducting polymer poly[(9,9′-…)-alt-2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene] (PEPV) and the fluorescent dye tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP).The GSH … dopamine self-polymerization and prevented the formation … fluorescence quenching of P-dots.”

“Notably, dopamine reduced erastin-induced ferrous iron accumulation, glutathione depletion , and malondialdehyde production.”

“Similarly the 1321N1 human astrocytoma cell line was found to increase GSH release in response to 50μM dopamine.”

“The SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line was found to increase intracellular GSH levels in response to 50μM dopamine treatment.”

“These results suggest that at these concentrations dopamine has the potential to act as a signal for the upregulation of GSH synthesis within neuronal-like cells and for the increased trafficking of GSH from astrocytes to neurons.”

“Conversely, the CuAbeta-catalyzed oxidation reaction of dopamine is inhibited by bio-available reducing agents such as ascorbate (competitive K(ic)=66 microM) and glutathione (non-competitive, K(inc)=53 microM).”

“ GSH plays a fundamental role in protecting cells from damage by reactive oxygen species generated among others by the metabolism of dopamine.”

“In macrophage cultures, glutathione (GSH) was upregulated strongly after treatment with dopamine , morphine or selegiline, and this effect was enhanced when cells were pre-exposed to virus.”

“Apoptosis, induced by 0.1-0.3 mM dopamine , was blocked by glutathione in a dose- and time-dependent manner.”

“ Dopamine decreased glutathione levels within 16-24 hr; however, this effect was preceded by a transient increase in the level of the tripeptide within the first 0.5-7 hr.”