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“Additionally related compounds digitoxin, oleander , Chinese herbal medicines (Chan Su, Lu-Shen-wan), spironolactone, etc can contribute or independently produce digoxin toxicity [3].”
Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine • 2014 | View Paper
“In contrast, the CLIA (no cross-reactivity) should be used for monitoring digoxin in a patient receiving digoxin and self-medicated with a herbal remedy containing oleander.”
“Metabolites of digoxin as well as related compounds, including digitoxin, tanshinones, bufandienolide, and oleander , can contribute to or independently produce digoxin toxicity (2)(3).”