Possible Interaction: Cysteine and Insulin

“At day 28, insulin increased tCys (+8%), and the insulin-induced suppression of taurine and phenylalanine observed at day 0, but not that of BCAAs, was significantly impaired.”

“The result was a rapid release of encapsulated insulin upon contact of the insulin carrier with cysteine.”

“ Bile insulin is destroyed by incubation with cystein at alkaline pH. The insulin concentration in the bile flow is increased after intravenous injection of glucose, used as a load test.”

“ Cysteine and reduced cysteinyl glycine increased iron solubility when added to a solution containing insoluble iron.”

“Furthermore, LC and insulin increases GLUT-4 protein expression (65% Vs LC, 18% Vs Insulin ), glucose utilization (57% Vs LC, 27% Vs insulin) compared with the either insulin or LC alone in HG-treated cells.”

“In addition, LC supplementation along with insulin increased GCLC (21% Vs LC, 14% insulin), GCLM (28% Vs LC, 16% insulin) and GSH (25% Vs LC and insulin) levels compared with the either insulin or LC alone in HG-treated cells.”

“Similarly, LC supplementation increased insulin action significantly in cells maintained in medium contained control glucose.”

“This study examined the hypothesis that LC supplementation positively up regulates the effects of insulin on GSH and glucose metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocyte model.”

“This suggests that LC supplementation can increase insulin sensitivity and can be used as an adjuvant therapy for diabetes.”

“…,LC … insulin caused greater reduction in ROS levels and significantly (p < 0.05) boosted the DsbA-L (41% vs LC, 29% vs Insulin), adiponectin (92% Vs … insulin) and HMW adiponectin (75% Vs LC, 39% Vs insulin) secretion compared with the either insulin or LC alone in HG-treated cells.”

“This was challenging as the introduced Cys could interfere with insulin ’s three existing disulfide bonds.”

“We suggest here that L-cysteine inhibits insulin release via multiple actions on the insulin secretory process through H(2)S production.”

“In STZ-treated (diabetic) animals, L-Cys (1.5 mg/g BW) increased plasma insulin levels 2.3-fold and decreased serum glucose levels by 50% (P<0.01).”

“We speculate that insulin increases activities of enzymes of transsulfuration and remethylation reactions and hence speeds up conversion of Hcy to methionine and cysteine.”

“The addition of cysteine enhanced the bond formation to such an extent that a solution of BSA was transformed into an insoluble gel.”