Possible Interaction: Cyclosporine and Glutathione

“Additionally, GES‐1 cell death could also be protected to some extent by 4, 4'‐diisothiocyanatostilbene‐2, 2'‐disulfonic acid (DIDS), an inhibitor of VDAC1, especially the combination of CsA and DIDS, and 3 mM GSH could further enhance the effect of CsA + DIDS on cell viability.”

“Verapamil and cyclosporin A , blockers of the multidrug resistance-associated protein, decreased UVA-induced GSH efflux.”

“We found that CsA increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA), but it reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels.”

“ CsA significantly increased the superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione production , and catalase activity but decreased the malonaldehyde level.”

“Our results revealed that exposure to CYA caused a significant decrease (linear and quadratic) in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the contents of reduced glutathione ( GSH ) and glutathione transferase (GST).”

“Moreover, cyclosporine A significantly reduced serum albumin, creatinine clearance, urinary total antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and Bcl2 protein levels.”

“ CsA induced ROS synthesis and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH).”

“ CsA also increased renal MDA and decreased GSH content significantly.”

“While administration of cyclosporine A increased the MDA levels in kidney, liver and heart tissues, it decreased the GSH , GSH-Px and CAT in these samples when compared to the control group.”

“In addition, diamide plus GSH treatment caused mitochondrial swelling accompanied by cytochrome c release, which was inhibited by cyclosporin A ( CsA ) and bongkrekic acid (BKA), inhibitors of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore.”