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“After leaching with a saponin and chelator mixed solution, copper , zinc, lead, and cadmium contents significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the extractable or acid-soluble and reducible fractions.”
Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA • 2015 | View Paper
“The results of latter process showed that 1-2% Pb, 16-17% … removed by surfactin after 48h, whereas the removal of Pb, Cu and Zn was increased from 40% … 16% to 18% in presence of saponin with an increase from 24 to 72h … soil washing process at pH 4.”