Possible Interaction: Copper and Glutathione Disulfide

“The addition of copper ions (Cu2+) could oxidize GSH into glutathione disulfide (GSSG), resulting in the distinct suppression of GSH-modulated PtNP surface chemistry and oxidase-like activity inhibition, which further results in a significant acceleration of TMB oxidation and the obvious recovery of intense blue color.”

“Reducing the dose of copper resulted in a decrease in the level of LOOH and GSH + GSSG as well as CAT activity, but increased the level of PC and methylated DNA.”

“This effect is attributed to complexation of copper by GSSG.”

“ Copper produced drastic reduction in the GSH/GSSG ratio, while cadmium treatment altered GSSG concentrations.”

“… Cu applied alone or in combination at rate of 50 μM resulted in the significant reduction of plant growth and increase of … meanwhile the capacity of scavenging active oxygen species (AOS) was enhanced, reflected by increased phytochelatin (PC) and glutathione (GSH and GSSG ) content, as well … (HvPCS1 and HvGR1).”

“ Copper ion inhibited the enzyme noncompetitively with respect to the substrate GSSG and NADPH.”

“Quite recently, further reports have been published on this subject, and in 2002 a unique model system was described which—under the influence of copper and controlled by halide ions—is able to shift the thiolate– disulfide equilibrium reversibly and completely from the one side to the other.”