Enhancement of cocaine's abuse liability in methadone maintenance patients

 challenge sessions occurred 15.5 h after the daily 

Disulfiram treatment for cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained opioid addicts.

 maintenance treatment is a widespread problem and is associated with a poorer prognosis.

Effects of single and multiple intravenous cocaine injections in humans maintained on methadone.

Increases in blood pressure after single cocaine doses were greater when

Dose-Response Effects of Methadone in the Treatment of Opioid Dependence

One aspect of this problem is that intravenous use of

Opioid–Dopamine Interactions: Implications for Substance Use Disorders and Their Treatment

 self-administration in laboratory animals (10), and in clinical studies, buprenorphine has been shown to reduce cocaine use in dually dependent cocaine/heroin abusers (reviewed in McCann [11]).

Initiating opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder nationally in the Veterans Health Administration: Who gets what?

 and anxiolytic-sedative hypnotic use disorders had higher odds of being started on both buprenorphine and 

Toxic Leukoencephalopathy Presenting as Lethal Catatonia.

This case report describes lethal catatonia caused by delayed toxic leukoencephalopathy after excessive use of

Correlates of cocaine use during methadone treatment: implications for screening and clinical management (ANRS Methaville study)

 was significantly associated with a decrease in occasional but not in regular 

 use from 14.7 % at M0 to 7.1 % at M12, and from 10.7 % at baseline to 6.5 % at M12, respectively.

The impact of recent cocaine use on plasma levels of methadone and buprenorphine in patients with and without HIV-infection.

 and buprenorphine plasma concentrations.

 concentrations in HIV-uninfected subjects.

When higher doses in opioid replacement treatment are still inadequate – association to multidimensional illness severity: a cohort study

 per day and above are associated with better treatment retention and reduction in the use of heroin and 

Contributing Factors to Methadone-Related Deaths in Ontario

About 11 deaths were due to …; 25 deaths were due to combined

 and alcohol); 7 deaths were due to the exacerbation of a preexisting disease by methadone; 1 death … to disease alone, and 1 death was due to trauma sustained in a motor vehicle collision.

The association between cocaine use and treatment outcomes in patients receiving office-based buprenorphine/naloxone for the treatment of opioid dependence.

 is associated with worse treatment outcomes.

[Abuse of alcohol and benzodiazepine during substitution therapy in heroin addicts: a review of the literature].

The impact of cocaine and heroin on the placental transfer of methadone

Comparison between Heroin and Heroin–Cocaine Polyabusers

 by heroin‐dependent subjects, or by patients on 

 maintenance treatment, is a relevant phenomenon that determines the negative consequences on health, social adjustment, and outcome of opioid addiction treatment.

High Methadone Dose Significantly Reduces Cocaine Use in Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) Patients

 dose may reduce cocaine use in patients addicted to both heroin and 

Understanding polydrug use: review of heroin and cocaine co-use.

 by heroin-dependent individuals, or by patients in 

 or buprenorphine maintenance treatment, is substantial and has negative consequences on health, social adjustment and outcome of opioid-addiction treatment.

Response: The New Environment of Accountability for OTPs

Grella: The research is very clear that individuals in me

 alcohol have relatively poor response to treatment.

[Cocaine abuse in maintenance therapy with methadone in narcotic dependent patients].

INTRODUCTION From a clinical point of view, additional consumption of

 maintained patients seems to have increased during the last few years.

[Maintenance treatment for opioid dependence in care centers: the OPPIDUM program of the Evaluation and Information Centers for Drug Addiction].

Follow-up of inpatient cocaine withdrawal for cocaine-using methadone patients.

Significant proportions of opiate-dependent persons entering

 and continue to use cocaine during treatment.

Neonatal withdrawal syndrome in infants exposed to cocaine and methadone.

 had significantly higher first withdrawal scores.

Cocaine use and HIV risk behavior in methadone maintenance patients.

We conclude that cocaine use represents a continued source of risk for exposure to HIV in this population, and that more aggressive efforts are warranted to reduce illicit drug use, particularly of heroin and

Do methadone patients substitute other drugs for heroin? Predicting substance use at 1-year follow-up.

 programs indirectly reduce patients' use of 

, amphetamines, illegal methadone, tranquilizers, and marijuana, insofar as they are successful in eliminating or decreasing heroin use.

Predicting cocaine use among methadone patients: analysis of findings from a national study.

 use among some patients by improving their effectiveness in reducing heroin use.

 patients showed an overall decline during the follow-up year; that patients who stopped using heroin after entering treatment were much more likely to …; and that the odds of initiating cocaine use after admission to a methadone program were much higher among patients who continued using heroin.

Cocaine use by clients in methadone programs: significance, scope, and behavioral interventions.

 clients is undermining the effectiveness of methadone treatment programs in reducing illicit drug use, decreasing criminal behavior, and slowing the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Cocaine use in persons on methadone maintenance.

It should be noted that there was a net gain of 17% of patients who stopped using

Of the total participants, approximately half used

The costly bonus: cocaine related crime among methadone treatment clients.

Findings include an increase of cocaine use among methadone clients in the last ten years and the indication that

 plays an increasingly important role in the criminal activity of both 

The effect of increased cocaine use on drug treatment John L. Black, Michael P. Dolan, Walter E. Penk, Ralph Robinowitz and Horace A. DeFord. Veterans Administration Medical Center, Dallas, TX

 was found to be the most frequently used illicit drug by 

 maintenance clients, and its continued use disrupted both inpatient and outpatient treatment.

Strength of drug habits: for heroin, morphine, methadone, alcohol, barbiturates, pentobarbital, benzedrine, cocaine, and marijuana.

 were elevated at the "hooked" stage, but in other respects associations to these drugs were opposite.

DRUG INTERACTIONS WITH METHADONE *

It has been suggested anecdotally that various sedatives, tranquilizers, other depressants and stimulants including alcohol, diazepam, barbiturates,

 and amphetamines may have additive, potentiating, or antagonistic effects when taken by 

Treatment-like steady-state methadone in rats interferes with incubation of cocaine sensitization and associated alterations in gene expression

Importantly, these alterations were significantly reduced in rats treated with

High-Dose Methadone Maintenance in Rats: Effects on Cocaine Self-Administration and Behavioral Side Effects

In parallel, however, rats maintained on high-dose

 (30 mg/kg/day) seek and consume significantly less 

 than controls when tested for intravenous cocaine (0.5 mg/kg/infusion) self-administration on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement.

Effects of chronic methadone treatment on cocaine- and food-maintained responding under second-order, progressive-ratio and concurrent-choice schedules in rhesus monkeys.

 self-administration, and methadone doses that decreased cocaine self-administration had variable effects on food-maintained responding.

 produced a dose-dependent and non-selective decrease in break points maintained by both 

Reinforcement by orally delivered methadone, cocaine, and methadone-cocaine combinations in rhesus monkeys: are the combinations better reinforcers?

 have relatively greater reinforcing effects than the component drugs, and these greater reinforcing effects are better detected with concurrent measures than with sequential measures.

Modulation of the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine by mu and kappa opioids.

Pretreatment with the mu agonists morphine (… and 0.1 mg/kg) and

 (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg), as well ….6 micrograms/kg), potentiated the discriminative stimulus effects of 

 such that the cocaine dose-effect functions were shifted … reduced maximally by about one order of magnitude.

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Research Papers that Mention the Interaction