Possible Interaction: Cocaine and Histamine

“ Histamine decreased progressive-ratio responding for cocaine in both sexes, although effects were greatest in males in the 7-day withdrawal group; males reached the female-level of resistance to histamine punishment by 14 days of withdrawal.”

“ConclusionThe reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine can be reduced by contingent self-administration of histamine.”

“RationaleRecent research has demonstrated that the drug, histamine , can function as a punisher of cocaine self-administration.”

“ResultsIn Experiment 1, histamine decreased the reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by increases in cocaine's demand elasticity with increases in histamine dose.”

“ObjectiveThis study examined whether a histamine injection could punish cocaine self-administration in a drug–drug choice, whether delaying histamine would decrease its effectiveness, and whether the effects of delay could be described within a delay discounting framework.”

“ResultsWhen choosing between cocaine alone and cocaine followed immediately by histamine, preference increased with histamine dose from indifference to >80% choice of cocaine alone.”

“Conversely, pairing histamine with cocaine decreased cocaine choice, increased food choice, and produced right shifts in the cocaine choice dose–effect curve.”

“The presence of cocaine or diphenhydramine also prevented the rise in tritium efflux induced by histamine.”

“ Histamine (… cocaine ) slightly decreased the electrically evoked overflow (maximally by 17%).(8)The following drugs did not change the electrically evoked overflow of tritium: dopamine (in … transmitter release from the noradrenergic neurones of several brain areas is modulated by drugs acting on α-adrenoceptors, opiate receptors, and prostaglandin receptors.”

“8 Administration of cocaine increases HA levels and HA metabolic enzyme activity in the NA and striatum and L-histidine inhibits cocaine induced activity.”

“The administration of cocaine (20 mg/kg) increased histamine levels and histamine N‐methyltransferase activity in the striatum, nucleus accumbens, and amygdala 1 h later.”

“Nialamide (2.2 X 10(-6) M), the monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and cocaine (4.3 X 10(-6) M), the selective noradrenaline uptake blocker, potentiated the responses to histamine.”

“By utilizing a catecholamine-depleting agent (reserpine), a beta adrenergic blocker (propranolol) and a blocker of catecholamine uptake cocaine ), both histamine and tyramine were significantly blocked, which indicated an indirect activation of the beta adrenergic receptors through catecholamine release.”