Possible Interaction: Clonidine and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

“ Clonidine increased GABA and acetylcholine release in vivo in the spinal cord of SNL rats but not in normal rats.”

“ Clonidine application (2-5 nA) enhanced the inhibitory responses to GABA administration in the most of the pyramidal neurons examined (seven out of 12).”

“Long-term clonidine administration decreased the levels of norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, GABA and taurine.”

“We find that clonidine stimulates GABA synthesis in the hypothalamus and the pons-medulla in both strains but the GABA turnover rate is significantly slower in SHR.”

“In 51 out of 72 … with different dosages of clonidine (10(-8)-10(-…/L) decreased the GABA (10(-4) mol/L)-activated current by 8.5%, 19.0%, 33.4%, 44.4% and …%, respectively, while clonidine itself only induced a slight inward current in a few cells (12/72).”

“Our data suggest that the activation of functional state of GABAergic system by GABA accumulation potentiates clonidine hypotension.”

“ Clonidine enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner the basal release of GABA from hypothalamus and NTS synaptosomes.”

“The results show that the release of GABA from hypothalamus or NTS nerve endings can be enhanced by clonidine through the activation of adrenoceptors of the alpha 2 subtype.”

“The results suggest that some of the clonidine effects may occur through activation of the GABA system.”

“ Clonidine (1 and 10 microM) enhanced the spontaneous release of GABA (+44%), Asp (+50%) and Glu (+70%) in SHR, but not WKY; this effect was prevented by yohimbine (1 microM).”

“ Clonidine (7.5 nmol kg-1), too, reduced the release of GABA in morphine-tolerant animals.”

“On concomitant administration of clonidine (0.5 mg/kg) with a subeffective dose of either GABA , baclofen, or diazepam, there was significant reduction in the aggressive score.”