Possible Interaction: Citicholine and Norepinephrine

“ Citicoline activates biosynthesis of phospholipids in neuronal membranes, increases brain metabolism as well as norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the central nervous system, and has neuroprotective effects during hypoxia and ischemia.”

“Thus, citicoline has been experimentally shown to increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the CNS.”

“These data suggest that CDP-choline enhances norepinephrine release , and that this action may be mediated by more than just its choline content.”

“Thus, it has been experimentally proven that CDP-choline increases noradrenaline and dopamine levels in the CNS.”

“administration of CDP-choline or its cholinergic metabolites phosphocholine and choline increases plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations by enhancing nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission in the sympatho-adrenal system.”

“injection of 200-600 mumol/kg of cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) increased plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations dose- and time-dependently.”

“Added to a striatal synaptosomal … of rat brain, CDP-choline 10−4 M inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5 HT) in a competitive fashion and enhances the uptake of tyrosine and tryptophan; administered to animals, CDP-choline (50 mg/kg/l h/i.v.)”

“ Citicholine increased the NA level in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus; it increased the DA level in the striatum and the 5-HT level in the cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus.”