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“Further experiments showed that CS could increase the secretion levels of NO , TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 via activating the corresponding mRNA expression in macrophages through the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2).”
“ Chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, although not stimulating the production of cytokines or of PGE2, elicited the production by macrophages of nitric oxide.”