Possible Interaction: Choline and Choline Chloride

“The lecithin and choline chloride treatment increased the fasting plasma levels of choline and low density lipoprotein cholesterol but did not change the urinary excretions of cortisol, homovanillic acid (HVA), 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA), norepinephrine and epineph‐rine.”

“A single 5-g dose of choline chloride also transiently raises plasma choline levels.”

“After the consumption of a single meal containing 3 g choline chloride, serum choline rose by 86% ( p p p”

“… choline chloride (… choline concentration from 11.8 to up to 165.2 μM within 10 min and the reversal of the negative arteriovenous difference (AVD) of … reflected in a minor increase of free choline level and a long‐lasting increase of brain phosphorylcholine content, which paralleled the uptake curve.”

“A single oral dose of choline chloride (20 mmol/kg) elevated whole‐brain concentrations of both choline and phosphorylcholine 5 h after administration; a greater proportion of exogenously administered choline was retained by the brain in its phosphorylated form than as the free arnine.”

“We found that the rate of potassium-depolarized … rat cortical minces was significantly accelerated when choline chloride was added to the incubation medium at concentrations of either 60 or 100 microM. The ACh … cortical minces was reduced by prolonged depolarization; this depletion was prevented by incubating minces with choline (…).”

“Abstract Administration of choline chloride (200 μmoles/kg) intravenously to guinea pigs caused an increase in the concentrations of choline and acetylcholine in adrenals, heart, kidneys, lungs, and liver within 2 min.”