Possible Interaction: Cholecystokinin and Glucose

“A smaller dose of glucose (50 b/150 mL water) increased plasma CCK concentration, although the peak level (3.0 +/- 0.5 pmol/L) was less than that observed following 75 g glucose.”

“These data, therefore, indicate that: (1) specific binding sites for CCK are present in rat pancreatic beta, cells; and (2) CCK acts in concert with glucose to stimulate insulin secretion.”

“After being fed a mixed liquid meal, CCK levels rose within 15 min to 6.0 +/- 1.6 pM. The individual food components fat, protein, and amino acids were all potent stimulants of CCK secretion; in contrast, glucose caused a significant but smaller elevation in plasma CCK levels.”

“Isotonic and hypertonic glucose, beer, and fermented glucose significantly increased plasma levels of cholecystokinin (CCK), but the effect was significantly higher after hypertonic glucose than after isotonic glucose, beer, or fermented glucose.”

“We conclude that: (1) in the doses studied intragastric beer and fermented glucose but not ethanol (4% v/v) stimulate pancreatic … of ethanol indicates that nonalcoholic ingredients of beer and fermented glucose are responsible for this stimulatory effect; and (3) CCK could be one … of beer and fermented glucose.”

“ CCK release was markedly higher (900±421 pM × 180 min;P<0.05) after ingestion of the solution containing a high dextrose concentration.”

“After infusion of glucose , the plasma insulin and C-peptide levels were significantly increased and remained at high levels during 30-min experiments, intravenous administration of secretin and CCK resulted in significant increases of pancreatic secretion including volume, bicarbonate, and protein output.”

“When glucose was simultaneously administered with secretin and CCK , pancreatic secretion was significantly increased, more than the effects achieved by the secretin and CCK.”

“When AN patients were given a glucose load before therapy, the change in CCK response was diminished when compared with that of controls.”

“After glucose ingestion , with CCK infused at 24 pmol/kg per h, plasma CCK levels increased to 8 pM and the gastric emptying t1/2 increased to 148 +/- 16 min.”

“These data indicate, therefore, that CCK has a significant role in regulating glucose homeostasis in human.”

“Thus we conclude that CCK , in physiological concentrations, delays gastric emptying, slows the delivery of glucose to the duodenum, and reduces postprandial hyperglycemia.”

“The responses to CCK-PZ plus glucose were greater than either stimulus alone, indicating an interaction between these and the beta cell.”

“These findings reveal a role for gut CCK that lowers glucose production through a neuronal network and suggest that intestinal CCK resistance may contribute to hyperglycemia in response to high-fat feeding.”