“Bromide, a trace chemical constituent in source waters, exhibited a catalytic effect on Cr(VI) formation due to an electron shuttle mechanism between Cr(III) and chlorine and the bypass of Cr intermediate formation.”
“Results showed that the rapid oxidation of Cr(III) solid phases by chlorine was accompanied by Cr(VI) formation and an unexpected production of dissolved oxygen.”
“The kinetics data obtained from this study suggest that the oxidation of Cr(III) solids by chlorine in water distribution systems can contribute to Cr(VI) occurrence in tap water, especially in the presence of a trace level of bromide.”