Possible Interaction: Carrageenan and Dinoprostone

“In mice, intraplantar injection of carrageenan induces acute inflammation that is accompanied by edema, enhanced pain sensitivity, and elevations in proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).”

“A low degree of sulfate and high molecular weight were a prerequisite for the ability of carrageenans to modulate PGE2 synthesis.”

“The results demonstrated that, at high concentrations, carrageenans have substantial ability to modulate PGE2 synthesis and stimulate IL-1β and IL-6 synthesis.”

“ Carrageenan caused a significant increase in the activity of inflammatory marker enzymes like lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and paw tissue and also increased the concentration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in paw tissue.”

“Furthermore, carrageenin induced an increase in the expression of COX-2 and PGE2 production in the paw of WT mice, but was reduced in casp1-/- mice.”

“Results Carrageenan injection resulted in increases in the concentrations of NO, PGE2 , and PGI2, and these increases were completely suppressed by NG-monomethyl-l-arginine acetate.”

“decreased the levels of PGE2 in the exsudate leakage induced by carrageenan in the pleural cavity after 4 h with a calculated ID50 of 0.01 (0.002-0.09, i.p.)”

“The injection of carrageenan produced a significant and parallel induction of both COX‐2 and PGE2.”

“Intrapleural injection of carrageenan in rats increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and induced newly synthesized cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in pleural exudate cells without affecting COX-1 levels.”

“The intrapleural injection of carrageenin caused a marked increase in the levels of PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in the pleural exudate up to 3 hr after the injection.”

“Injections of carrageenin into dog knee joints increased the prostaglandin E2 content of synovial fluid by up to 160 ng per joint; indomethacin prevented this increase.”