“Crotonobetaine and the L‐carnitine formed acted as an osmoprotectant during cell growth and biotransformation in the presence of NaCl.”
“The results provided the first experimental evidence of the important role played by salt stress during resting and growing cell biotransformation (0.5 M NaCl increased the L‐carnitine production in nearly 85%), and the need for high levels of ATP to maintain metabolite transport and biotransformation.”