“Further investigation revealed that the autophagy induced by 5-FU was inhibited by capsaicin.”
“In addition, the combination of capsaicin with 5-FU was synergistic, with a combination index (CI) < 1, and the combined treatment also suppressed tumor growth in the CCA xenograft to a greater extent than 5-FU alone.”
“Moreover, the decrease in AKT and S6 phosphorylation induced by 5-FU was effectively reversed by capsaicin , indicating that capsaicin inhibits 5-FU-induced autophagy by activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in CCA cells.”
“The drug sensitivity of QBC939 to 5-FU was significantly enhanced by capsaicin compared with either agent alone.”