“Both the markers of proliferation index Ki-67 and for microvessel density CD31 were downregulated in tumor tissue by the combination of capecitabine and γ-tocotrienol.”
“Conclusions: Overall our results show that γ-tocotrienol can potentiate the effects of capecitabine through suppression of NF-κB–regulated markers of proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.”
“In a xenograft model of human gastric cancer in nude mice, we found that administration of γ-tocotrienol alone (1 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally 3 times/wk) significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor and this effect was further enhanced by capecitabine.”
“Results: γ-Tocotrienol inhibited the proliferation of various gastric cancer cell lines, potentiated the apoptotic effects of capecitabine , inhibited the constitutive activation of NF-κB, and suppressed the NF-κB–regulated expression of COX-2, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, CXCR4, VEGF, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).”