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“The positive association of caffeine with estrone and its inverse association with bioavailable testosterone suggest that caffeine's reported association with several chronic conditions may be mediated by an effect on endogenous sex steroids.”
American journal of epidemiology • 1996 | View Paper
“After a single 12 mg/kg ip dose during proestrus, oestrus, dioestrus, or 15 days after castration, the plasmatic clearance of caffeine varied significantly with higher values during oestrous.”