Possible Interaction: Caffeine and Ciprofloxacin

“Intraindividual comparisons showed that ciprofloxacin and enoxacin significantly inhibited the elimination of caffeine.”

“Thus, caffeine should be avoided in patients with liver disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, latent epilepsy or in intensive care while undergoing treatment with enoxacin or ciprofloxacin.”

“Significant differences between sexes were also observed in the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin (AUC, elimination rate constant [β] and CL/F) and fleroxacin (Cmax and β) in the presence of caffeine.”

“The results suggest an inhibition of 3-N-demethylation of caffeine (CYP1A2 enzyme activity) by ciprofloxacin.”

“A doubling of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (77.8 vs 31.8 mg/L · h) and terminal-phase half-life (9.7 vs 4.5h) of caffeine were observed in the presence of ciprofloxacin.”

“The magnitude of the reduction in the intrinsic clearance of caffeine produced by ciprofloxacin was greater than that described in the literature for ciprofloxacin and theophylline.”

“Enoxacin and ciprofloxacin impair the hepatic metabolism of theophylline and caffeine , leading to significantly increased serum concentrations.”

“Some of the fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin , and ofloxacin) can inhibit the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system and thereby cause increased serum concentrations of drugs like theophylline and caffeine.”

“TOTHEEDITOR: Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent available in both oral and intravenous forms, Various drug interactions involving ciprofloxacin and the methylxanthines theophylline and caffeine have been reported and have resulted in up to a 22.8 percent increase in steady-state theophylline concentrations.”

“The metabolism of theophylline and caffeine is inhibited by enoxacin and ciprofloxacin such that the dosage of theophylline may need to be reduced in order to avoid toxicity.”

“TOTHEEDITOR: Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent available in both oral and intravenous forms, Various drug interactions involving ciprofloxacin and the methylxanthines theophylline and caffeine have been reported and have resulted in up to a 22.8 percent increase in steady-state theophylline concentrations.”

“In contrast, ciprofloxacin , which does form a 4-oxo-metabolite, has been shown to reduce theophylline and caffeine clearances by about one third.”