Possible Interaction: Caffeine and Bismuth Subsalicylate

“ Caffeine also decreased p-FAK staining at the edge of glioma cells and disassembled actin stress fibers.”

“The concomitant administration of caffeine to affected rat pups dampened the activity of this axis, leading the authors to conclude that caffeine protects the developing rat lung from injurious stimuli by limiting ER stress and the UPR.”

“ ER stress was stimulated by caffeine as demonstrated by increased levels of GRP78/BiP, CHOP and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)-α as well as many enlarged ERs detected by electron microscopy.”

“ Caffeine also inhibited the ER stress-induced activation of IRE1 and PERK, which suggested the attenuation of ER stress.”

“Importantly, definitive evidences have been provided that environmentally relevant caffeine concentrations exert adverse impacts on aquatic species and terrestrial insects, which included lethality, decreasing general stress , inducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, affecting energy reserves and metabolic activity, neurotoxic effects, affecting reproduction and development, etc.”