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“ DPCPX , an A 1 adenosine receptor antagonist, but not A 2A receptor inhibitor, mimicked the effect of caffeine , suggesting that the effect of caffeine occurs through A 1 receptor blockade.”
“Furthermore, caffeine increased the frequency of Ca2+ transients in neuronal cell culture, an action mimicked by the A1R antagonist, DPCPX , and prevented by NMDAR blockade with AP5 (50 μM).”