Possible Interaction: Atropine and Choline

“ Atropine protected dogs against the toxic action of subsequently infused choline.”

“In the course of their experimental studies, they recognized as well that atropine prevented the fall in blood pressure which ordinarily followed injection of choline , and they thereby provided a groundwork for observations on choline-atropine antagonism.”

“Heart rate responses to CDP-choline, phosphocholine and choline were blocked by atropine and reversed by hexamethonium.”

“The ChEl inhibition of dilation induced by TNS but not by choline or nicotine was prevented by atropine (0.1 μmol/L) pretreatment.”

“Pretreatment with methyllycaconitine citrate (MLA), alpha-bungarotoxin, or atropine blocked the antinociception of choline in the hot plate test.”

“A dopamine D2 antagonist, sulpiride (20 mg/kg), and a muscarinic antagonist, atropine (3.5 mg/kg), increased ACh levels and decreased Ch levels.”

“ choline (150 micrograms) was greatly attenuated by the pretreatment of rats with atropine (10 micrograms; i.c.v.),”

“On the other hand, atropine sulfate produced a decrease in ACh and an increase in Ch concentrations in these two brain regions.”

“Inhibition of seizures by pretreatment with atropine blocked the increases of acetylcholine and choline.”

“Continuous infusion of choline, in contrast to acetylcholine, did not lead to a fall off in … or tachyphylaxis) until the choline concentration used exceeded approximately 80 mM. The secretomotor action of choline (46 mM) … reversibly by atropine (5 microM) but not by propranolol (… phentolamine (2.5 microM) administered together.”