Pharmacokinetics of l-Arginine in Adults with Moderately Severe Malaria

Efficacy and safety of oral l-arginine in acute myocardial infarction. Results of the multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled ARAMI pilot trial.

It might be expected that administration of

 production and alleviate the course of MI.

Efficiency of L-arginine enriched cardioplegia and non-cardioplegic reperfusion in ischemic hearts.

 levels and attenuated free O2 radical mediated myocardial injury.

Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemia is Reversed by a Nutritional Product Designed to Enhance Nitric Oxide Activity

Accordingly, we have developed a nutrient barenriched with

 as well as other ingredients that additivelyenhance 

Cardioplegic arrest with L-arginine improves myocardial protection: results of a prospective randomized clinical trial.

 has been suggested to improve protection through an increase in 

Oral L-arginine does not improve endothelial dysfunction in children with chronic renal failure.

 has been used to improve endothelial function by increasing nitric oxide (

) bioavailability and in animal models this in turn has attenuated the progression of atherosclerosis.

Effect of nebulised l- and d-arginine on exhaled nitric oxide in steroid naive asthma

Role of nitric oxide in the airway response to exercise in healthy and asthmatic subjects.

 (P < 0.01) but had no significant effect on AUC compared with placebo (geometric mean +/- SE: -204.3 +/- 1.5, -186.9 +/- 1.4, and -318.1 +/- 1.2%.

Is l-arginine infusion an adequate tool to assess endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the human renal vasculature?

Thus although no direct measurements of NO synthesis were performed, putative markers of NO synthesis suggest that the renal vasodilatory response to

, at least in part, was due to increased production and release of 

A randomized double-blind trial of oral L-arginine for treatment of interstitial cystitis.

, the substrate for nitric oxide synthase, increased 

 synthase activity and improved interstitial cystitis symptoms.

L-arginine and nitric oxide-related compounds in plasma: comparison of normal and arginine-free diets in a 24-h crossover study

 has been suggested to be a rate-limiting factor in the production of 

 in conditions such as hypercholesterolemia.

Differential inhibition of human platelet aggregation and thromboxane A2 formation by L-arginine in vivo and in vitro

 from L-ARG by endothelial cells may contribute to the platelet-inhibitory effects of 

Effect of inhaled l-arginine on exhaled nitric oxide in normal and asthmatic subjects

There was a negative correlation (r = –0.72) between the increase in exhaled

 and the fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (0.034 au, 95% CI 0.030 to 0.038) after 3 

 in asthmatic subjects, expressed as the area under the curve in arbitrary units (au) and compared with the effect of placebo (0.9% …; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03 to 0.19) than in normal subjects (0.012 au; 95% CI 0.002 to 0.022).

Comparison among the effects of arginine, a nitric oxide precursor, isosorbide dinitrate and molsidomine, two nitric oxide donors, on hormonal secretions and blood pressure in man

In conclusion, our present date are against the hypothesis that

 could also mediate the hormonal effects of 

Coronary stenosis dilatation induced by L-arginine

, a substrate in the production of endotheliumderived nitric oxide (NO), may stimulate the release of 

L-arginine infusion decreases platelet aggregation through an intraplatelet nitric oxide release.

In vitro administration of supraphysiological concentrations of

 enhances platelet cyclic GMP levels by increasing 

 production and reduces platelet aggregation.

Differential systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic effects of L-arginine in patients with coronary artery disease or primary pulmonary hypertension.

 production and induces vasorelaxation in CAD patients but not in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.

We tested the … intravenous administration of

 (L-ARG), the physiological precursor of …/NO, stimulates the production of 

, subsequently increasing plasma cGMP levels and reducing systemic and/or pulmonary blood pressure, in patients … coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 16) or with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH, n = 5).

The hypotensive effect of L-arginine is associated with increased expired nitric oxide in humans.

There was a significant correlation between the hypotensive response to

L-arginine increases exhaled nitric oxide in normal human subjects.

 caused significant increases in the concentration of 

 in exhaled air at doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg, which was maximal 2 h after administration.

Oral L-arginine inhibits platelet aggregation but does not enhance endothelium-dependent dilation in healthy young men.

 may result in a relatively platelet-specific increase in 

Pulmonary hypertensive response of broiler chickens to arginine and guanidinoacetic acid under high-altitude hypoxia.

 and GAA significantly (P < 0.05) increased 

Nitric oxide regulates the expression of heme carrier protein-1 via hypoxia inducible factor-1α stabilization

 concentration, and both HCP-1 and HIF-1α expression, while L-NIL treatment decreased them.

ORKAMBI-Mediated Rescue of Mucociliary Clearance in Cystic Fibrosis Primary Respiratory Cultures Is Enhanced by Arginine Uptake, Arginase Inhibition, and Promotion of Nitric Oxide Signaling to the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Channel

 together with inhibition of intracellular arginase activity increased 

 and enhanced the rescue effect of ORKAMBI on F508del-CFTR–mediated chloride conductance at the cell surface of patient-derived bronchial and nasal epithelial cultures.

Robustaflavone Isolated from Nandina domestica Using Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation Downregulates Inflammatory Mediators

 (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6.

Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF-2) Mediated Antioxidant Response on the Synergistic Antitumor Effect of L-Arginine and 5-Fluro Uracil (5FU) in Breast Adenocarcinoma.

 production and potentiate the anticancer effect of 5-FU.

Arginine and the metabolic regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in cancer

 in cancer might thus support the development of anti-cancer drugs that target this key metabolic pathway, and other metabolic pathways involved in NO production.

Summary: In this Review, the authors focus on the regulation of

 levels by the synthesis and availability of 

, and on the implications of this metabolic regulation to cancer biology and therapy.

A sensitive acupuncture needle microsensor for real-time monitoring of nitric oxide in acupoints of rats

It was found that a remarkable response to

 was respectively obtained in different acupoints when stimulated by 

 (L-Arg), revealing that the release of NO was detectable in acupoints.

L-Arginine and vascular health.

As L-arginine acts as the substrate of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS),

L-Arginine supplementation in mice enhances NO production in spleen cells and inhibits Plasmodium yoelii transmission in mosquitoes

 significantly increased the transcript level of iNOS in spleen cells and the amount of 

The pharmacodynamics of L-arginine.

Nonetheless, intravenous or dietary (oral) administration of relatively large doses of

 formation in individuals with impaired endothelial function at baseline.

Akita Spontaneously Type 1 Diabetic Mice Exhibit Elevated Vascular Arginase and Impaired Vascular Endothelial and Nitrergic Function

 availability to nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) and 

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases: possible therapeutic targets?

 is selectively inhibited by guanidino-substituted analogs of 

 or methylarginines such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), which results from protein degradation in cells.

Ischaemia, reperfusion, pre‐and post‐conditioning: telling friend from foe

Interestingly, I/R not only changes the … isoforms (Sedoris et al. 2012), but

 – however, a significant reduction in infarct size was only detectable when combined with the appropriate …, targeted ischaemic post-conditioning in a porcine model of myocardial injury (Gonon et al. 2011).

Characterization of a Nitric Oxide Synthase from the Plant Kingdom: NO Generation from the Green Alga Ostreococcus tauri Is Light Irradiance and Growth Phase Dependent[C][W][OA]

 production increases in high intensity light irradiation and upon addition of 

, suggesting a link between NOS activity and microalgal physiology.

The effects of nitric oxide on the immune response during giardiasis.

 production by consuming the intermediate metabolite 

Arginine therapy of transgenic-knockout sickle mice improves microvascular function by reducing non-nitric oxide vasodilators, hemolysis, and oxidative stress.

 markedly decreased hemolysis and oxidative stress and enhanced 

Mechanisms Underlying Erythrocyte and Endothelial Nitrite Reduction to Nitric Oxide in Hypoxia: Role for Xanthine Oxidoreductase and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase

Whereas endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibition had no effect on vascular nitrite reductase activity, in RBCs L-NAME, L-NMMA, and

 production by >50% (P<0.01) at pH 7.4 and 6.8 under hypoxic conditions.

Adverse gastrointestinal effects of arginine and related amino acids.

 (NO) production in the small intestine and this may be harmful under certain circumstances.

Biomarkers of arginine and lysine excess.

 in excess could potentially overstimulate metabolism via enhanced production of 

L-arginine transporters in cardiovascular disease: a novel therapeutic target.

It details the processes by which intracellular and extracellular levels of

 production and further documents the imbalance that is evident in various cardiovascular disease states.

Neuroprotection with Erythropoietin Administration Following Controlled Cortical Impact Injury in Rats

 but not d-arginine administration resulted in a significant increase in tissue 

 concentrations and an improvement in CBF at the impact site.

Likewise, in animals pretreated with Epo,

 but not d-arginine given postinjury increased brain tissue 

Oxidative-nitrosative stress and post-translational protein modifications: implications to lung structure-function relations. Arginase modulates NF-kappaB activity via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.

 production can be modulated by changing the availability of its substrate, 

The L-arginine paradox: Importance of the L-arginine/asymmetrical dimethylarginine ratio.

Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted to elucidate whether dietary

 production in humans and thereby improve endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.

Endothelial arginase: A new target in atherosclerosis

eNOS function is developmentally regulated: uncoupling of eNOS occurs postnatally.

 production in both cell types but did not block superoxide production.

Association of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Endothelial Dysfunction

 can be selectively inhibited by guanidino-substituted analogs of 

, which act as competitive inhibitors at the active site of the enzyme.

Hepatocellular Dysfunction Induced by Nitric Oxide Production in Hepatocytes Isolated from Rats with Sepsis

 further enhanced the decreases of ATP content and KBR concomitantly with the increase of 

Arginase expression and modulation of IL-1beta-induced nitric oxide generation in rat and human islets of Langerhans.

 generation was unaffected by ABH at 1.14 mM arginine, but significantly increased at 0.1 and 0.01 mM 

Expression of the liver form of arginase in erythrocytes.

AI is also expressed in various extrahepatic tissues and may play a role in regulating

 levels and in providing ornithine for biosynthetic reactions that generate various critical intermediary metabolites such as glutamate, glutamine, GABA, agmatine, polyamines, creatine, proline, and 

Vascular effects of dietary L-arginine supplementation.

Therefore, many investigators have been interested in whether dietary

 production and thereby improve vascular health.

Abnormalities in L-arginine transport and nitric oxide biosynthesis in chronic renal and heart failure.

 serves as a failing counter-regulatory mechanism in both these pathologies is that availability of 

 for NO production is reduced despite the observed increase in membrane transport.

Arginine metabolism and the synthesis of nitric oxide in the nervous system

, a versatile molecule in signaling processes and unspecific immune defense, is intertwined with synthesis, catabolism and transport of 

 which thus ultimately participates in the regulation of a fine-tuned balance between normal and pathophysiological consequences of NO production.

l-Arginine-dependent suppression of apoptosis in Trypanosoma cruzi: Contribution of the nitric oxide and polyamine pathways

In T. cruzi exposed to death stimuli, supplementation with

 inhibited DNA fragmentation, restored [3H]thymidine incorporation, and augmented parasite 

Pharmacological approaches to preserving and restoring coronary endothelial function

, the substrate for NO synthesis, and the anti-oxidants ascorbate and α-tocopherol, are able to increase 

 synthesis and bioavailability respectively.

Role of abnormal nitric oxide systems in salt-sensitive hypertension.

 production and prevents salt-sensitive hypertension.

Arginine and nitrate tolerance

 might increase the biotransformation of GTN to 

, but there is no biological precedent for this.

Characterization of interactions among the heme center, tetrahydrobiopterin, and L-arginine binding sites of ferric eNOS using imidazole, cyanide, and nitric oxide as probes.

In both BH(4)-abundant … eNOS, half of the

 binding sites showed a … the binding rate by 

, with the rate of NO binding at the other half of the sites remaining essentially …-arginine, implying that the two heme centers in the eNOS dimer are functionally distinct.

Endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitors are responsible for the L‐arginine paradox

 concentration in plasma has been shown repeatedly to increase 

Increased endothelium--monocyte interactions in salt-sensitive hypertension: effect of L-arginine.

Regulation of nitric oxide production by arginine metabolic enzymes.

 production is modulated by the uptake, recycling, and degradation of 

Biological significance of endogenous methylarginines that inhibit nitric oxide synthases.

We and others have proposed that endogenously produced asymmetrically methylated

 production and that the accumulation of these residues in disease states may contribute to pathology.

Inducible anti-parasitic effector mechanisms in human uroepithelial cells: tryptophan degradation vs. NO production

This IL-1-mediated inhibition of IFN-γ-induced IDO activity and toxoplasmostasis could be blocked by

Reduced expression of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a human breast cancer cell line which has acquired estrogen independence.

 production in both ZR-75-9a1 and ZR-PR-LT cells.

Cardiovascular effects of L-arginine.

 production by competing as a substrate with an endogenous antagonist for nitric oxide synthase.

[Kidney and nitric oxide].

Role of the citrulline-nitric oxide cycle in the functional response of adult human and rodent pancreatic islets to cytokines.

 production in vivo, the citrulline-NO cycle may be important for the regulation of NO production during insulitis in early insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Ca(2+)-dependent and Ca(2+)-independent exhaled nitric oxide, presence in germ-free animals, and inhibition by arginine analogues.

 per se induced a significant increment of 

Tetrahydrobiopterin as another EDRF in man.

 and production of cyclic GMP increased and therefore imply 

Effects of Chronic Supplementation of L-Arginine on Physical Fitness in Water Polo Players

 induced the expression of a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC1α) and genes encoding for complex I and increased the production of 

 and the maximal oxygen consumption rate.

Effects of agmatine, glutamate, arginine, and nitric oxide on executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

 may increase to improve EF tasks through its inhibitory effect on the synthesis of 

Arginine supplementation for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.

 can act as a substrate for production of 

 in the tissues, and arginine supplementation may help to prevent NEC.

Avascular necrosis after long-term glucocorticoid treatment in MELAS: a cautionary note

 production, resulting in improved blood flow, but further studies on potential efficacy are required (Parikh et al 2015; El-Hattab et al 2015).

High asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine and L-arginine levels in migraine patients

Nitric oxide donor augments antineoplastic effects of arginine deprivation in human melanoma cells

 may potentially counteract anticancer effects of therapy based on 

Combined effects of aerobic exercise and l-arginine ingestion on blood pressure in normotensive postmenopausal women: A crossover study.

 bioavailability, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of acute l-arginine administration associated with aerobic exercise on blood pressure (BP), redox state and inflammatory biomarkers in normotensive postmenopausal women (NPW).

Impaired nitric oxide production in children with MELAS syndrome and the effect of arginine and citrulline supplementation.

 production, arginine flux, and arginine concentration.

Peritoneal dialysis impairs nitric oxide homeostasis and may predispose infants with low systolic blood pressure to cerebral ischemia.

 signaling was partly prevented by using a commercially available PD solution supplemented with 

Argininosuccinate lyase is a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.

 is a non-essential amino acid that modulates 

Effects of chronic oral l-arginine administration on the l-arginine/NO pathway in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease or coronary artery disease: l-Arginine prevents renal loss of nitrite, the major NO reservoir

Despite saturation of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) by its substrate l-arginine (Arg), oral and intravenous supplementation of

 synthesis, a phenomenon known as “The l-arginine paradox”.

Hyperargininemia due to arginase I deficiency: the original patients and their natural history, and a review of the literature

 and the resulting abnormalities in the metabolism of guanidine compounds and 

 have been proposed to play a major pathophysiological role.

Improvement of seminal quality and sexual function of men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia syndrome following supplementation with L-arginine and Pycnogenol®.

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Possible Interaction: Arginine and Nitric Oxide

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Research Papers that Mention the Interaction