Possible Interaction: Arachidonic Acid and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

“Comprehensive clinical studies have shown that dietary supplementation with marine oil or single-cell oil sources of LC-PUFA results in increased blood levels of DHA and arachidonic acid , as well as an associated improvement in visual function in formula-fed infants matching that of human breast-fed infants.”

“The major mechanisms of PUFAs for attenuating cutaneous inflammation are the competition with the inflammatory arachidonic acid and the inhibition of proinflammatory eicosanoid production.”

“Lowering dietary n-6 PUFA can also modulate the levels of ARA and DHA metabolizing enzymes, as well as their associated bioactive mediators.”

“ω-… PUFAs may act by … the metabolism of arachidonic acid to form proinflammatory mediators or as a precursors of novel lipid mediators with pro-resolving activity, while COXIBs are able to modulate inflammatory response by inhibiting cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), an inducible prostaglandin synthase overexpressed in several human cancers.”

“ AA and EPA are precursors of different classes of pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, respectively, whose biological activities have been evoked to justify risks and benefits of PUFA consumption.”

“Thus, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease production of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids.”

“ PUFAs such as eicosapetaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) competitively inhibit arachidonic acid with a resultant decrease in inflammmatory eicosanoids and cytokines.”

“Cell enrichment with arachidonic acid (AA, n-6 cells) increased both AA and C22:4 n-6 and decreased n-3 PUFAs in the phospholipids.”

“The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents diminished significantly ( arachidonic acid from 19 to 16%, p<.001).”

“ Arachidonic acid directly competes with omega3 LCPUFA for incorporation into cells.”