Possible Interaction: Arachidonic Acid and Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors

“For instance, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), both classical nonselective (cNSAIDs) and the selective COX‐2 inhibitors coxibs ) attenuate the generation of PGH2 from AA that in turn reduces the synthesis of PGE2 and modifies the inflammatory conditions.”

“However, gastrointestinal (GI) and cardiovascular adverse effects of NSAIDs and coxibs , and recent findings demonstrating that there are significant risks from the disruption of oxylipin levels when pharmacologically inhibiting a single ARA cascade metabolic pathway, have led to studies involving the simultaneous inhibition of multiple pathways in ARA cascade.”

“Second, we show that supplying arachidonic acid to increase prostanoid production reduces the effectiveness of both currently used nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (diclofenac) and novel COX‐2‐selective inhibitors (NS‐398, celecoxib) as inhibitors of COX‐2 activity.”

“Likewise, the synergism of AA and ADP was, also, attenuated by COX inhibitors (ibuprofen; IC50=20±4 μmol/L and celecoxib; IC50=24±7 μmol/L), PLC inhibitor (U73122; IC50=3.7±0.3 μmol/L), and MAPK inhibitor (PD98059; IC50=2.8±1.1 μmol/L).”

“Interestingly, platelet TXB2 release during aggregation was enhanced after coxib treatment following arachidonic acid or collagen stimulation.”

“Treating the myoblasts with AA and either the COX-1 and COX-2 common inhibitor indomethacin or the COX-2-specific inhibitor NS-398 reversed the stimulatory effect of AA on myoblast proliferation (n = 4, P < 0.05).”

“ Arachidonic acid enhanced both forms of PGE2 release, and a phospholipase A2 inhibitor (amylcinnamoyl anthranilic acid) and COX inhibitors (acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin) decreased them.”

“In segments of colon mounted in Ussing chambers, arachidonic acid caused a concentration-dependent increase in short-circuit current that was blocked by piroxicam, the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398, and the COX-1 inhibitor SC-560.”