“Metabolomic analysis showed that … processes responsible for antioxidant defence were … NET (e.g. upregulation of nervonyl carnitine and chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate; downregulation of homolanthionine and acevaltrate) and these changes … antioxidant defence by suppressing Nrf2-ARE and NF-κB pathways that contribute to the synthesis of SOD and GSH.”
“While acute mortality …, we found that antioxidant defence was … by NET at 500 ng/L (i.e. reduced SOD and GSH levels) and hence liver injury was inflicted (i.e. … and MDA levels), as manifested by vacuolization of liver tissues and reduced number of normal cells in the liver.”