Possible Interaction: Antioxidants and Carbon Monoxide

“While initially considered to be waste products, CO and biliverdin/bilirubin have been shown over the last 20 years to modulate key cellular processes, such as inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as antioxidant defense.”

“Instead, inhibitors of complex III (but not complex I) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant (Mito Q) fully prevented the effects of CO.”

“Furthermore, CO-induced oxidative stress opens the opportunity for modulating the adverse effects of CO with antioxidants (both water- and lipid-soluble compounds) and various factors involved with reducing oxidative stress.”

“Zinc-protoporphyrin type IX, an inhibitor of heme oxygenase, and all 3 antioxidants , which inhibited CO production, also antagonized the TNF-alpha effect on cGMP and phosphatidylcholine synthesis.”

“Concentrations of Cu, Fe, Co , and Mn may play a role in regulating the antioxidant system components’ activity.”

“The antioxidants tempol , ebselen, and deferoxamine inhibited CO-induced O2·− production and converted CO from constrictor to dilator.”

“Additionally, prevention of spontaneous hepatocyte apoptosis by CO is reversed by PI3-K inhibition and antioxidants.”

“There was a strong association between CO-induced HR decrease and release of creatine kinase into the perfusate, both of which were not …, ascorbate, and Trolox C. Perfusate flow rate declined post exposure (4.9% and 8.9% with 0.01% and 0.05% CO , respectively) and … by antioxidants.”

“Furthermore, CO significantly decreased the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), including TNF-α IL-6, and PAI-1 and increased the transcriptional levels of antioxidant genes , such as HO-1 and NQO1.”

“The antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic antioxidants , which are related to the ascorbate–glutathione pathway, were inhibited following CO 2 exposure.”