Possible Interaction: Anthocyanins and Melatonin

“However, 2 mg/L melatonin accumulate chichoric acid (39.99 mg/g DW) and anthocyanin (cyanide: 0.45 mg/g DW and peonidin: 0.22 mg/g DW); i.e., 3.2, 3.7 and 2.0-fold increase, as compared to the control, respectively.”

“Besides, melatonin treatment enhanced secondary metabolites (phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanin ) contents along with their encoding genes (PAL, CHS) expression, and these metabolites potentially restricted excess H2O2 accumulation.”

“In contrast, enhancement of melatonin signaling by exogenous application of melatonin led to a significant decrease in levels of seed oil and anthocyanins.”

“ Melatonin induces overexpression of genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis, which correlates with increased anthocyanin levels and changes in skin color (Chroma).”

“ Melatonin application is known to affect anthocyanin production, but the relationship between anthocyanin and melatonin is still unclear.”

“Furthermore, melatonin treatment at 10-5 M, which transiently increased endogenous melatonin contents at physiological concentrations, delayed anthocyanin accumulation, thus confirming an inhibitory regulatory role for melatonin in fruit ripening.”

“ Melatonin treatment markedly promoted the accumulation of … of total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins ; and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, ….6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2).”

“In addition, a large amount of flavonoids accumulated in seedlings pretreated with melatonin, and transcript levels of eight genes involved in flavonoid … (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxymate (C4H), chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonol synthase (FNS), leucoanthocyanin reductase (LAR), anthocyanin reductase ANR ), flavonoid 3-O-… response to melatonin ….”

“Here, we investigated the role of melatonin in anthocyanin biosynthesis in the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana and found that melatonin suppresses anthocyanin synthesis.”

“Moreover, melatonin was able to significantly inhibit jasmonate-stimulated anthocyanin production.”

“Our work illustrates that melatonin plays a negative role in the induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis and sheds new light on the role of melatonin in plant cell metabolism.”

“Further experiments verified that MT treatment increased the contents of total anthocyanins , phenols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins in berries.”