Possible Interaction: Anesthetics, Local and Calcium Supplement

“ Local anesthetics also interfere with G-protein modulation of Ca and K channels,34,35 cardiac bioenergetics,36 and mitochdondrial dynamics.37 Local anesthetics also impede adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase,38 the enzyme which converts adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to ATP at the mitochondrial inner membrane.”

“ Local anesthetics on the other hand since they abolish the response to A23187 as well, appear to directly antagonize the ability of Ca 2 + to activate PLA 2 .”

“…,local anesthetics provoke failure of axonal transportation of the … axoplasmic flow), as well as intracellular calcium accumulation, with subsequent enzyme activation and cell degradation.4 Local anesthetics may also act as a “detergent” … Historically, regional anesthesia has always been considered relatively contraindicated in patients with an underlying neurological disease.”

“A 5- to 10-fold increase in calcium during perfusion with local anesthetics prolonged the blocking time of orthodromic spikes and restored directly elicited spikes to a degree depending on the local anesthetic concentration.”

“ Local anesthetics (LAs) inhibit membrane depolarization by reducing sodium and potassium conductance, and subsequent displacement of calcium ions from binding sites seems to occur.”

“ Local anesthetics also block Ca currents, with the impermeant quaternary lidocaine derivative, QX-314, being more than an order of magnitude less potent than its permeant parent compound.”

“It is well know that the amide-linked local anesthetics such as lidocaine accelerate Ca induced Ca release (CICR) rate.”

“It has been documented by several investigators that local anesthetics displace calcium from calcium binding sites and alter the functioning of different calcium regulating systems.”

“ Local anesthetics have been shown to affect a variety of cellular activities, such as exocytosis, membrane transport, permeability of calcium , and platelet aggregation, among others.”

“ Local anesthetics and tranquilizers are thought to affect cell fusion by interfering with the entry of calcium ions into infected cells (for review, see 20, 21, 23), while the mechanism of inhibition by ammonium salts has not been elucidated.”