Possible Interaction: Ammonia and Levocarnitine

“L-Carnitine LC ), inducing ureagenesis, may decrease blood and brain ammonia levels.”

“Other therapies, such as BCAA, LOLA, L-carnitine and phenylbutyrate, modify responses to ammonia as well as enhancing metabolism and excretion.”

“These inhibitory effects of ammonia were overcome by L-carnitine.”

“RESULTS The treatment with LC de creased the toxicity to amm onia. ”

“Although L-carnitine has been reported to have protective effects against ammonia toxicity, conflicting results have also been presented and the mechanisms underlying the protection, if any, are not clear.”

“These results show that L-carnitine and its analogues do have the potential to suppress the neurotoxicity of ammonia.”

“Cerebral and hepatic levels of ammonia were decreased with 4 mmol L-carnitine (P < .001), whereas other doses did not seem to have any effect on this metabolite.”

“When examined using the 'freeze clamp' method, brain energy metabolites were well preserved and the elevation of ammonia was less marked on administration of L-carnitine.”

“Mice pretreated with L-carnitine exhibited higher levels of liver ammonia than the saline-pretreated control mice.”

“A significant negative relationship was found between the concentrations of ammonia and the ketone bodies in the medium following administration of D, L-carnitine.”

“The ammonia concentration decreased after treatment with continuous hemodiafiltration, NCG, sodium benzoate, sodium phenylbutyrate, L-arginine, vitamin cocktail (vitamin B1, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E, biotin), l-carnitine , coenzyme Q10, and parenteral nutrition.”