Possible Interaction: Alanine and Valine

“The exchange of valine 738 to alanine was accompanied by a ~50% reduction in receptor efficacy.”

“Substitution of alanine for valine at the corresponding position in the δ and α subunit prolongs the burst duration four‐ and eightfold, respectively.”

“Substitution of the valine and histidine residues at positions 4 and 9 with tryptophan and alanine , respectively, resulted in the increase of enthalpy of the interaction, thereby increasing the binding affinity for C3.”

“A-S of isoleucine, leucine and valine showed significant positive correlation to that of alanine (r = 0.59, r = 0.89, r = 0.77, respectively, during exercise, and r = 0.57, r = 0.65, r = 0.72, respectively, during pacing).”

“Similarly, replacement of a P4 valine with alanine severely reduced cleavage efficiency, whereas its replacement with lysine abolished cleavage.”

“ Valine uptake was inhibited by leucine and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid and by high concentrations of L-alanine , L-lysine, cycloleucine, L-glutamine, and L-methionine, but not by 2-(methyl-amino)-isobutyric acid.”

“A 20-fold excess of unlabeled leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine , alanine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, and glutamine inhibited uptake of leucine and phenylalanine, and six of these amino acids inhibited uptake of alanine , by more than 50% both in the presence and absence of a potassium ion gradient.”

“In addition, both 2-aminoendobicyclo [2,2,1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid (Ki approximately 1.0 mM) and L-valine (Ki approximately 0.10 mM) appeared to inhibit Na+-dependent transport of alanine and BCO competitively.”

“Isoleucine and valine , by contrast, enhanced production of both alanine and glutamine in these tissues.”

“Aspartate, cysteine, leucine, valine , methionine, isoleucine, serine, theronine, and glycine increased significantly the formation and release of alanine from muscle.”