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JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association • 2021 | View Paper
“We found that metformin impedes the hepatic conversion of redox-modulating substrates (lactate and glycerol), but not redox-neutral substrates ( alanine and pyruvate) into glucose,” says Shulman. “”
Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics • 2017 | View Paper
“Combination of ALA (100 mg/kg, ip) with metformin (100 mg/kg, ip) exhibited a potentiating effect in improving cognitive performance and insulin signalling.”
“In isolated hepatocytes from fasted rats, a significant inhibition of glucose production from lactate/pyruvate (10:1, mol/mol), fructose, alanine or glutamine, following metformin addition, is observed.”