Possible Interaction: Adenosine and Nicotine

“The rise in plasma noradrenaline levels during the combined administration of nicotine and adenosine differed significantly from the response to nicotine alone (+ 0.23 versus − 0.05 nmol/L, p < 0.02).”

“We concluded that, in human beings, the characteristic hemodynamic response to adenosine infusion is enhanced by nicotine.”

“We observed reduced dACC Glu ( P = 0.029) along with a significant reduction in plasma adenosine ( P = 0.03) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP; P < 0.0001) concentrations during nicotine withdrawal in comparison with nicotine sated state.”

“In conclusion, interaction between adenosine and nicotine was demonstrated.”

“ Nicotine enhanced both stimulatory (chest pain) and inhibitory actions (AV-block) of adenosine.”

“The total time with atrioventricular (AV) block provoked by adenosine increased with nicotine (7 ± 12%, p < 0.03) while increased ventilation provoked by adenosine was unaffected by nicotine.”

“The activity of the enzymes were significantly decreased with nicotine 0.25 and 1mg/kg which inhibited ATP (22%, 54%), ADP (44%, 30%) hydrolysis and adenosine (43%, 34%) deamination, respectively.”

“The purine levels measured in serum of the rats treated with nicotine 0.25mg/kg significantly increased to ATP (39%), ADP (39%) and adenosine (303%).”

“ACh and nicotinic ACh receptor agonists, cytisine, DMPP and nicotine , caused a concentration‐dependent increase in adenosine production during normoxia, with nicotine being more potent and efficient in stimulating adenosine release from rat CB than cytisine and DMPP.”

“It is concluded that adenosine system may be involved in modulation of antinociception induced by nicotine.”

“The antagonistic effect of (-)-nicotine on CHA- and ethanol-induced increase in glucose utilization indicating an interaction between (-)-nicotine and ethanol and between (-)-nicotine and adenosine may suggest involvement of postreceptor (nicotinic and adenosine) mechanisms including ionic channels.”

“In addition, blockade of the potentiating effect of adenosine on the hypertensive and chronotropic effects of nicotine was studied to assess further the role of A1 and A2 adenosine receptors in this response.”

“Caffeine and theophylline (10 mg/kg) block the potentiating effect of adenosine, and also decrease basal responses to nicotine, suggesting that endogenous adenosine might normally potentiate some nicotine responses.”

“The synergism between nicotine and adenosine appears to take place within sympathetic ganglia.”

“From these results, it is suggested that the antagonism to the effect of nicotine shown by mecamylamine does not appear to be a simple competitive blockade of ganglionic receptors as is the case with hexamethonium and that adenosine may antagonize the effect of nicotine non-competitively.”