Possible Interaction: Acetylglucosamine and Glucosamine

“Increasing O‐GlcNAc levels, using glucosamine or PUGNAc, enhanced ubiquitination.”

“Substrate and inhibitor studies further revealed that leukaemic cell hexosaminidases hydrolyse galactopyranosides at significantly lower rates than glucopyranosides and that the hydrolysis of N-acetyl beta-D glucosamine is inhibited by both glucosamine and galactosamine products.”

“We used a novel and reliable CI‐AKI model consisting of 5/6 nephrectomized (NE) rats, and …, 3.5gI) injected via the tail vein after dehydration for 48 h. The results showed that augmented O‐GlcNAc … glucosamine prevented the kidneys against iohexol‐induced …, tubular damage, apoptosis and oxidative stress.”

“We used a novel and reliable contrast‐induced acute kidney injury (CI‐AKI) model and the results showed that augmented O‐GlcNAc signaling by glucosamine prevented the kidneys against iohexol‐induced injury by the attenuation of apoptosis and oxidative stress.”

“After 12 weeks of feeding with 0.2% GlcN and 0.2% GlcNAc , the femoral bone mineral density in OVX mice was significantly increased compared with that in OVX mice fed the control diet.”

“Together these observations … that both GlcN and GlcNAc may have a potential not only to induce osteoblastic cell differentiation especially at middle-late stages, but also to suppress the osteoclastic cell differentiation, thereby possibly increasing bone matrix deposition and decreasing bone resorption, and eventually modulating bone metabolism in OA.”

“In C2C12 myotubes, O‐GlcNAc modification of PLC‐β1 was markedly enhanced in response to treatment with glucosamine (GlcNH2), an inhibitor of O‐GlcNAase (PUGNAc) and hyperglycemia.”

“… GlcNAc analogs, namely methyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-α-(3) and β-…,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (5), exhibited a concentration-dependent reduction of D-[3H]glucosamine , but not of [35S]sulfate incorporation …]leucine incorporation into total protein synthesis.”

“N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine inhibit to the greatest extent; galactosamine, glucosamine and fucose to a lesser extent.”

“Phosphorylation of d‐glucosamine was inhibited competitively by d‐glucose, 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose and N‐acetyl‐d‐glucosamine and uncompetitively by d‐glucose‐6‐phosphate.”

“With an increase in glucosamine concentration in the medium, an increasingly greater proportion of the intracellular radioactivity accumulates in N -acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate, glucosamine 6-phosphate, and free glucosamine (in that order), and a progressively smaller proportion is incorporated into macromolecules.”