Possible Interaction: Acetylcysteine and Minocycline

“In cultured hepatocytes, cell killing at 10 h after APAP decreased from 83% to 49%, 35% and 27%, respectively, by 1 h posttreatment with minocycline, NAC, and minocycline plus NAC.”

“With 4 h posttreatment in vivo, minocycline and minocycline plus NAC decreased ALT and necrosis by ~20% and ~50%, respectively, but NAC alone was not effective.”

“Preclinical evidence shows that the minocycline and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) combination synergistically improved cognition.”

“The combinations of dexamethasone or minocycline with NAC and vitamin E increased the AFB1 concentrations in the plasma and all tissues, except for vitreous humor and liver.”

“In a rat controlled cortical impact model of TBl, a first dose of MINO plus NAC one h after injury protects resident oligodendrocytes that induce remyelination.”

“These data suggest that MINO plus NAC or MINO alone when first dosed 12 h after CHI increase myelin content using similar mechanisms seen when first dosed 1 h after closed head injury.”

“The Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs Minocycline plus N-acetylcysteine (MINO plus NAC) synergistically improved cognition and memory in a rat mild controlled cortical impact (mCCI) model of traumatic brain injury.3 The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the drug combination are unknown.”

“Despite the known anti-inflammatory actions of the individual drugs, MINO plus NAC appeared to modulate, rather than suppress neuroinflammation.”

“In the corpus callosum, MINO plus NAC decreased CD68 expression yet increased overall microglial activation as measured by Iba-1.”

“ MINO plus NAC acted synergistically to increase Iba-1 expression since MINO alone suppressed expression and NAC alone had no effect.”

“ MINO plus NAC synergistically limited these behavioral deficits in long-term memory and set shifting.”

“Co-administration of NAC with MINO synergistically improved spaced learning.”

“Conclusions/Significance These observations suggest a potentially valuable role for MINO plus NAC to treat TBI.”

“When dosed 3 hours before injury, MINO plus NAC as single drugs had no effect on interleukin-1 formation; together they synergistically lowered interleukin-1 levels.”

“ Minocycline (MINO), a tetracycline antibiotic, has been shown to be effective in combination with NAC in preventing oligodendrocyte damage.”

“Previous studies have shown that minocycline (MINO, 45 mg/kg) plus N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 150 mg/kg) synergistically improved cognition and memory, modulated inflammation, and prevented loss of oligodendrocytes that remyelinated damaged white matter when first dosed 1 h after controlled cortical impact (CCI) in rats.”