Possible Interaction: Acetylcholine and Tretinoin

“The synthesis of Cho and AcCho from Etn may be enhanced after cellular differentiation induced by the growth of the cells in the presence of retinoic acid (RA).”

“We have previously shown that retinoic acid (RA), a factor highly expressed in spinal cord, rapidly and specifically enhances the spontaneous acetylcholine release at developing neuromuscular synapses in Xenopus cell culture, using whole-cell patch-clamp recording.”

“Here we show that RA rapidly and specifically enhances the spontaneous acetylcholine release at developing neuromuscular synapses in Xenopus cell culture using whole-cell patch-clamp recording.”

“When cells were treated with t-RA while undergoing proliferative arrest, an additive effect of combined treatment was observed on ACh levels; nevertheless, this was only accompanied by an increase in choline levels, VAChT and ChAT mRNAs, but not ChAT activity.”

“Treatment of the cells with all‐…‐retinal, all‐trans‐retinoic acid t‐RA ), 9‐cis‐retinoic acid (9c‐RA), or 13‐cis‐retinoic acid caused … choline acetyltransferase activity (up to 3.4‐fold) and in intracellular acetylcholine levels (up to 2.5‐fold, with …, 18, 15, and 56 nM).”

“ All-trans-retinoic acid increased both ChAT and VAChT mRNA levels in SN56 cells up to 3.5-fold, and elevated intracellular ACh levels by 2.5-fold.”

“ RA added to the culture medium increased the specific activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the level of acetylcholine (ACh).”