Possible Interaction: Acetylcholine and Glucose

“Animal research has revealed that glucose may improve memory through a facilitation of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis and release in the brain.”

“Recent evidence suggests that glucose may attenuate opiate inhibition of acetylcholine release in the hippocampus.”

“ Glucose breakdown contributes to the formation of the neurotransmitters: acetylcholine , glutamate, aspartate, γaminobutyrate, and glycine.”

“One common hypothesis suggests that glucose ingestion may improve memory by increasing plasma glucose concentrations, leading to alterations in glucose uptake and utilization by the brain and ultimately to an increase in the glucose-mediated synthesis of acetylcholine in the hippocampus region (6).”

“ Glucose breakdown also contributes to the formation of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine , glutamate, aspartate, and GABA.”

“High glucose significantly reduced the sensitivity to the endothelium‐dependent agonist, acetylcholine (ACh), increased superoxide production and decreased basal nitric oxide (NO•) availability.”

“Although ACh slightly augmented and PMA diminished glucose- and tolbutamide-induced increases in β-cell [Ca(2+)](c), both amplified IS in control islets and after microfilament disruption (latrunculin) or stabilization (jasplakinolide).”

“Prior work indicates glucose may enhance memory by increasing the synthesis and release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain.”

“Results:Addition of d-glucose , but not l-glucose, reduced arteriolar dilation by acetylcholine , whereas the dilation was abolished by the neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline (10−5 m).”

“ Acetylcholine clearly increased the insulin-secretory response to 6.7mM glucose and canceled the inhibitory effect of 1microM resveratrol.”