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“When a combination of PhIP and either quercitin or kaempferol was used, a reduction in the responses was seen, and at the highest doses of quercitin and kaempferol the responses were reduced to near untreated control levels and were significantly different when compared to PhIP alone (P < 0.05).”
Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis • 2003 | View Paper
“Among the 14 kinds of antioxidants tested, green tea catechins and the major component [(-)-epigallocatechin gallate], two flavonoids luteolin and quercetin) and caffeic acid were found to clearly suppress the formation of both MeIQx and PhIP , being 3.2-75% of the level of the controls.”
“AOB and the tested flavonoids (orientin, homoorientin, vitexin, isovitex, apigenin, luteolin , isorhamnetin, fisetin, and hesperetin) had significant dose-dependent inhibition effects on PhIP formation with different IC50 values.”